用matplotlib来绘图¶
Matplotlib 是一个 Python 的 2D绘图库,它以各种硬拷贝格式和跨平台的交互式环境生成出版质量级别的图形 [1] 。 通过 Matplotlib,开发者可以仅需要几行代码,便可以生成绘图,直方图,功率谱,条形图,错误图,散点图等。
ipython代码展示¶
用法:
.. sourcecode:: ipython
In [69]: lines = plot([1,2,3])
In [70]: setp(lines)
alpha: float
animated: [True | False]
antialiased or aa: [True | False]
...snip
结果:
In [69]: lines = plot([1,2,3])
In [70]: setp(lines)
alpha: float
animated: [True | False]
antialiased or aa: [True | False]
...snip
公式¶
用法:
.. math::
W^{3\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1 \sigma_2} \approx U^{3\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1}
结果:
\[W^{3\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1 \sigma_2} \approx U^{3\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1}\]
绘图¶
文件绘图¶
用法:
.. plot:: ./pyplots/ellipses.py
:include-source:
结果:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from pylab import *
from matplotlib.patches import Ellipse
delta = 45.0 # degrees
angles = arange(0, 360+delta, delta)
ells = [Ellipse((1, 1), 4, 2, a) for a in angles]
a = subplot(111, aspect='equal')
for e in ells:
e.set_clip_box(a.bbox)
e.set_alpha(0.1)
a.add_artist(e)
xlim(-2, 4)
ylim(-1, 3)
show()
(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)
用法:
.. plot::
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.random.randn(1000)
plt.hist( x, 20)
plt.grid()
plt.title(r'Normal: $\mu=%.2f, \sigma=%.2f$'%(x.mean(), x.std()))
plt.show()
结果
(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)